Tools and Materials

Tools

Materials

Note

Product costs, availability and item numbers may vary online or by market.

What's Sealant and When Should You Apply It?

Concrete sealer is a protective barrier that gives longevity to concrete and makes cleaning easy. If your concrete is new, you'll need to let it cure; wait at least one month before applying sealer. Before you apply it, check the weather. Sealer needs to be applied in dry conditions because it won't adhere to damp concrete. The temperature also needs to stay above 50 degrees Fahrenheit during application and drying, which can take up to three days.

There are different types of concrete sealer, including acrylic, water-based, solvent-based and penetrating. You'll want to choose the concrete sealer that’s best suited for your project.

Acrylic – Acrylic-based sealers are a cost-effective solution for adding a protective barrier to your concrete surfaces. Acrylic sealers are easy to apply, making them a great choice for DIYers, and their quicker dry time is perfect for projects on a tight timeline. Because acrylic sealers can show wear and tear faster than other types, you’ll need to apply the sealant more often. You can find acrylic sealers in water- or solvent-based options. An acrylic sealer with a solvent base will typically be the better choice for outdoor use.

Water-Based – With low VOC (volatile organic compounds), water-based sealers are a safer choice, especially for indoor projects. Typically, water-based sealers feature a matte or other low sheen finishes to preserve the natural look of the concrete, but you can find options with a glossier finish. Water-based sealants are easy to apply, making them another good choice for DIY projects. It’s important to note that water-based sealant can’t be applied on concrete that has been previously sealed with a solvent-based sealer. See the step below to find out how to test for the type of sealer that’s on your concrete before applying more if you’re unsure.

Solvent-Based – Solvent-based sealers are typically more durable than water-based sealers. Most solvent-based sealers create a high-gloss or wet look that tends to enhance or darken the color of the concrete surface, which some homeowners prefer. These concrete sealers have high VOC, so it’s important to wear the proper protective gear when applying.

Penetrating – Penetrating sealers are an ideal choice for driveways, patios and walkways. Like the name suggests, penetrating sealers seep deeper into the concrete to create a protective barrier against damaging factors like moisture and deicers. Penetrating sealers can be water- or solvent-based.

Another factor to consider about sealers is transparency. Most sealers will be transparent or clear, enhancing the look of the concrete depending on the sheen. Semi-transparent and solid sealer options are also available, if you’d prefer a bolder coating.

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Prep the Surface

Follow the steps below to get the concrete surface ready for the sealer.

Clean the Concrete

A person using a broom and a soapy cleaner to wash a concrete surface.

Remove any grease, oil, mastic or paint. Choose your cleaner based on the stains that you have. For instance, a degreaser is used to remove grease or oil. If you've pulled up carpet or tile, any residual mastic needs to be removed; use a putty knife and a stiff brush to scrape off as much as you can and then apply a citrus-based cleaner, such as Orange Blossom, to remove the mastic.

Apply your selected cleaner and follow the manufacturer's instructions.

Good to Know

It's important to remove stains during this step. If your floor isn't cleaned properly, they'll show through your new sealer.

Remove Old Sealer

If sealer was previously applied to your concrete, you'll need to remove it before you apply the new sealer. Not sure if sealer was used? Try this quick test: Pour a large cup of water onto the concrete. If the water beads up and stays on the surface, it's been previously sealed. If it soaks into the concrete quickly, it hasn't been sealed.

There are different removal methods. Sandblasting is an option but unless you're experienced with using the equipment, it's not recommended since you can damage the concrete if you do it incorrectly. The most effective way for the average DIYer to tackle this project is with a chemical stripper. Chemical strippers are acid based and caution should be used when applying. Make sure to wear protective clothing, gloves and eyewear as specified by the chemical stripper manufacturer.

Good to Know

There are also less toxic and environmentally friendly products made from soy or citrus that'll break down the existing sealer. It's a safer alternative to the harsh chemical strippers, but they take longer to work.

Apply the Sealer

If you're covering a large surface, a sprayer is a quicker and easier way to apply concrete sealer. For smaller areas, use a paint roller on an extension pole. Follow the steps below to apply the sealer.

Instructions

Other Considerations

A car parked in a garage with gray epoxy floors.

Sealer provides a clear, protective coating for concrete surfaces. If you’d like to paint or stain concrete, there are several products to choose from. Make sure to read the manufacturer’s instructions for the specific product you’ll be using.

Concrete Stains and Sealers
If you want to stain a concrete surface a different color, consider a stain and sealer in one. It covers the concrete with a strong, durable color that resists ultraviolet (UV) rays, so it prevents fading. It also creates a water-repellent surface to ensure the longevity of properly prepared patios, walkways, driveways, breezeways and more. Concrete stain comes in a wide variety of colors, and you can find ready-to-use stains and sealers for more convenient application.

Epoxy Garage Floors

Water-based epoxy coatings are ideal for use on interior concrete surfaces, such as basements, garages and workshops. This special formula provides superior durability and adhesion that result in a professional-looking finish. Epoxy coatings resist cracking, peeling, salt, oil, gas and harsh chemicals. Epoxy coatings also resist hot tire pickup, which occurs when car tires pull the sealer from concrete.

Concrete Porch and Floor Paint

Porch and floor paint provides a hard, smooth finish and is available in many beautiful colors. It’s ideal for interior and exterior wood and concrete floors. Porch and floor paint resists inclement weather, scratches, scuffs, and everyday wear and tear.

Etching Stains

Like other stains, concrete etching stains allow you to enhance the look of your concrete surface. These stains are acid based, and depending on the technique used, allow you to not only improve the color of the concrete, but create looks that can mimic marble, wood and more.

How to Seal Concrete