Things to Consider When Planning a Deck
A beautifully planned deck is an extension of your home’s living space. Before you begin planning, gather inspirational photos, learn your local codes, requirements and restrictions, including those of your homeowners association (HOA), and set a reasonable budget.
Consider whether or not your deck will include features such as outdoor seating and dining areas, an outdoor kitchen, outdoor heaters, or a gas fireplace/fire pit.
Shade and privacy should also factor into your decision for deck placement. If you address privacy and shade in the planning phase, you’ll save yourself work later.
Finally, consider family members, pets and children and the associated safety and accessibility concerns of each. Your deck may be a wonderful place to practice universal design.
For more on designing and building different types of decks, see Design and Build a Deck.
Decking Prices and Estimating Decking Materials
When considering decking prices, there are several major factors that will determine the final cost of a project. The first, of course, is the cost of the decking materials. Certain species of wood and types of composites are more costly than others. Remember that, with wood, you’ll need to purchase a wood stain and sealer to waterproof the material after the lumber has dried sufficiently.
When calculating the approximate cost of a deck upgrade, estimate the number of deck boards, railings and other components needed and multiply by the cost of each component. Be sure to factor in an extra 10 percent to account for mistakes, waste or future repairs. You should also add in the cost of a permit and for having the materials delivered to the jobsite, or renting a truck if you plan to load and unload them yourself. And if you decide to go with a professional installer, there are labor costs to consider.
Estimating Deck Materials
We’ve got some tools to help you estimate material costs. Keep in mind, these tools will provide estimates only to help you plan.
Deck Material Calculator
Our deck design tool will help you create a cost estimate and materials list as you design your dream deck. Begin with inspirational images, sample templates or simply start drawing your deck.
Deck Concrete Calculators
In addition to the materials for the decking, deck frame and deck railings, you’ll also need concrete for the deck post footings and possibly a concrete landing for the stairs. Our Concrete Footings Calculator and Concrete Slabs Calculator will help you estimate how many bags of concrete your deck will require.
Labor
It’s important to consider whether or not this is a viable DIY project or one best left to the pros. Some hidden costs and construction challenges might surprise you. When drafting your plan, check your work with a building inspector to ensure you have enough supports for the size of your deck and that your railings are up to code. In the planning phase, consider enlisting the help of an electrician to run electricity to your new deck for ambient nighttime lighting.
Decking Material Options: The Best Wood for Decks and More
The right material is critical to building the best deck. Wood material options are the most popular but you’ve got other options as well, including composite decking and PVC (polyvinyl chloride) decking. For railings and balusters, you have even more choices, including aluminum deck materials.
Some deck materials offer customizable design options, from curves to multiple colors and woodgrain patterns, while other materials are more limited. When choosing a deck material for your project, keep your priorities in mind. Are you looking for great design options, the best value, top-rated decking materials or maybe a product that offers a balance of them all? You’ll also want to keep in mind deck safety, which type of cleaning products you’ll need for your deck and how much maintenance your choice of deck materials will require.
To learn more about cleaning your deck, see Clean, Seal or Stain a Deck for reference. Our Deck Safety and Maintenance Guide will help you.
Composite Decking: Wood-Alternative Deck Material Options
Composite decking is the ultimate in backyard decking. Part wood, part plastic, this wood-alternative board is easy to maintain, resists scratching, is impervious to termites and decay and won't warp or splinter. It weathers lighter, so consider a deeper-hued initial purchase. Capped composite is wrapped in a tough-as-nails finish that keeps the beauty in. Clean with a water hose and cleaner made for composite decking as pressure washing isn't recommended. Painting, staining and sealing aren't required.
PVC Decking: Polyvinyl Chloride Deck Material Options
PVC decking is an all-plastic material with no organic content that resists scratching, splintering and cracking. It won't warp or splinter, doesn't require sanding, staining or sealing and isn't affected by termites or decay. Clean with soap and water. Don't pressure wash.
Wood Decking: Classic Deck Material Options
For the purist, wood decking is real and natural with a pleasing heft. This includes pressure-treated lumber, cedar and redwood decking. Any wood component that touches the ground must be pressure treated. Cut ends must be treated with a preservative. Regular staining and sealing are required. Some finishes may fade or change color over time, and some absorb more heat than others. You may use a special cleaner and water hose or a pressure washer to clean. For more information, see our Deck Maintenance Products Buying Guide.
Railing Materials: Aluminum Deck Materials and Other Options
Railing is often the same material as the decking. However, you can mix and match materials to reflect your personal style with other types of railings. In addition to traditional wood railings, you can consider:
Deck Maintenance
Yearly deck maintenance is necessary. Check for loose, split or damaged areas and repair as needed. Depending on your decking material, hose clean or pressure wash to remove grime and mildew growth. Re-stain and seal as recommended by your product's manufacturer.