Tools and Materials
Tools
- Soil pH test kit
- Plastic Containers
Heat mats
hand trowel
- Soil thermometer
Garden fork
Materials
Sweet potatoes
- Mulch
- Fertilizer
Preparation of Soil
The first thing to know if you want to learn how to grow sweet potatoes is that they are a warm-weather crop, so start in early summer. So prepare the soil beforehand.
Soil Test
Sweet potatoes grow well in slightly acidic soil, so their pH should be between 5.8 and 6.2. If you want to perform the test at home, you can collect a sample of your soil in a container and send it to the lab, or you can use a soil pH test kit.
Raise the Bed
If you choose to plant the sweet potato in the ground instead of a basket or a container, make sure that the bed is raised so that the drainage is proper.
Type of Soil
We need porous and fertile soil for these. Avoid using clay soil, as it can be too heavy and clog the pores, so the nutrients might not get through to the roots.
Preparing the Slips
Before growing sweet potatoes you need to plant the shoots grown from a mature sweet potato. You can buy some from a nursery. If you want to grow at home here are the steps.
Planting
- Grab the containers in which you want to grow the slips and make sure they are spacious enough to plant 8-10 sweet potatoes.
- Now, put about an inch of soil in them and then place the sweet potatoes inside the container, not too far apart or too close. Then, we will cover them with four to six inches of soil.
Temperature
- If you are planting them outside, make sure it is sunny and warm or the slips won’t grow properly. If you want to plant in a greenhouse or somewhere with less sunlight, use heat mats and keep the temperature from 80-95°F. You can use a soil thermometer to measure the temperature.
Pulling the Slips
- Keep watering them from time to time, but do not drown them. Keep this up for 6-8 weeks and then you will see vines coming out. Pull out the vines from the sweet potato and you will see the slips and roots at the end, which are slightly red in color.
- If the slips or roots are not completely grown, put them in a water container for two more weeks and the roots will develop properly.
How to Plant Sweet Potatoes
After the slips are ready, we will get to the main part of this process.
Planting the Slips
Loosen the soil using a garden fork before planting the slips in our container or into the ground. Using a hand trowel, place them 12-16 inches apart and deep enough so that roots can develop.
Mulching and Fertilizer
- After placing the slips, it is important to keep them fertilized. We should also keep the sweet potatoes mulched with a heavy layer of mulch-like leaf mold that will keep the soil moist. It will also help to keep the sweet potatoes warm.
- Sweet potatoes do not need much fertilizer, so use fertilizer once in 2-3 weeks. Ash fertilizer is also good, make sure the fertilizer you use is low in nitrogen. Use a garden fork to spread them deeper and into the soil.
Trimming
Keep watering them and after 3-4 weeks, it will start growing vines. Make sure to keep the vines trimmed to about five or six feet to let the sunlight through.
Harvesting
This process will be done after 15-18 weeks, and it will be late September or early October, which is the perfect time to harvest the sweet potato. Dig out the sweet potato slowly to keep it intact.
keep the sweet potatoes outside in the sun, in a humid environment, for a week before eating to make them firm and increase sweetness.
Maintenance and Storage
Now that you have learned how to grow sweet potatoes, it is important to know how to maintain and store them.
Maintenance
- To avoid pests in roots, plant them in a different place every year
- To avoid rotting of roots, make sure to raise the beds for proper water drainage.
- Use row covers to protect the plants from early frosts if you have started planting late.
Storage
- After you are done growing sweet potatoes, the next step is storage. Do not store them in refrigerators, as they can lose their sweetness.
- Make sure the area they’re stored in is a little humid so they won’t dry out and properly ventilated to avoid molding.
- The area should be ventilated properly to avoid mold.