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How to Use an Impact Wrench

Lowe's Editorial Team

By Lowe's Editorial Team
Published October 28, 2024

An impact wrench is great for tightening and loosening bolts. This guide covers how to use an impact wrench correctly, choosing the best one, staying safe and maintaining it. Whether you're fixing things at home or working on big projects, these tips will make your tasks easier and more efficient.

How to Choose Your Impact Wrench

Home vs Professional Use

First, think about what you need the impact wrench for. If it's for home projects, a lighter, versatile one will do. For professional use, you'll need a more powerful and durable tool.

Power Source: There are three main types of impact wrenches

  • Corded Impact Wrench: These are strong, but you have to stay near a plug, which limits your movement.
  • Cordless Impact Wrench: These are handy to move around, but you need to charge the battery.
  • Pneumatic: Pneumatic Impact Wrenches: These powerful, lightweight tools require an air compressor to function. They’re ideal for high-torque tasks but need a consistent air supply for optimal performance. 

Safety Precautions

Before you start, check the wrench to ensure it is not broken. Stand with your feet a little apart to maintain your balance. Hold the wrench firmly, but not too tight.

Protect yourself

Always wear safety glasses to protect your eyes, work gloves to protect your hands and earplugs because the wrench is loud.

Workspace set-up

Make sure the place where you're working is clean and you can see well. Whatever you're working on should be steady so it doesn't move around.

Steps for How to Use an Impact Wrench

Whether you're working on vehicles or taking on construction projects, knowing how to use an impact wrench effectively can save you a lot of time and effort.

Start the Power

  • Put in the battery and slide it in until it clicks.
  • Click the power button and check if the wrench is starting.
  • After you’re done using the wrench, take out the battery if it is cordless and press the button and slide it out. Always remove it when you're done.

Choose the Right Parts

  • Pick the right socket and make sure it fits the bolt.
  • Push the socket firmly onto the wrench.
  • Click the button to the right to tighten the bolts.
  • You can also loosen it if you accidentally tightened it too much by Clicking the button to the left to loosen the bolts.

Use the Wrench

  • Position the socket over the bolt you’re working on.
  • Gently squeeze the trigger to start the wrench, beginning with light pressure.
  • Gradually increase the pressure to avoid damaging the bolts. 
  • Be prepared for some noise and shaking due to the wrench's hammer action.

Stay Safe

  • Always review the safety and operating guidelines for the impact wrench before use.
  • This ensures you’re aware of any specific precautions and can operate the tool safely.

When you're done, turn off the wrench and take it off. Check if everything is tight. Then, clean the wrench and put it away safely.

Tips and Applications

  • Vehicle Repairs: Impact wrenches make automotive tasks a lot easier. They’re great for changing tires, working on suspension, handling brake jobs and engine maintenance. Knowing how to use an impact wrench on lug nuts makes loosening and tightening bolts quick and effortless.
  • Construction: In construction, impact wrenches are a big help. They make tough jobs, like framing a house, installing beams or tightening large bolts, much easier. The tool speeds up your work and reduces the effort needed by handling bolts quickly and with high torque, making sure everything is done efficiently and securely.
  • DIY: For DIY projects, knowing how to use an impact wrench can be a real time-saver. It makes tasks like assembling furniture, doing small repairs and other household jobs much simpler by quickly tightening or loosening screws and bolts. This tool helps you finish projects faster and with less effort.

Things to Keep in Mind

  • Pick the Right Tool: Choosing the correct socket size is crucial. Using the wrong size is like trying to fit a square peg in a round hole—it can damage the bolt, socket or even the wrench itself.
  • Don’t Over-Tighten: Applying too much power can strip threads or break bolts. Use just the right amount of force to avoid these problems.
  • Keep Your Tool in Good Shape: Regularly clean and lubricate your impact wrench to keep it running smoothly.
  • Handle with Care: Be gentle with your impact wrench. Make sure you hold it properly and don’t force it. Rough handling can damage the tool your work or even cause injuries.
  • Protect Yourself: Always wear gloves and safety glasses. Bolts can occasionally come loose or break, so it’s crucial to keep your hands and eyes protected.
  • Store It Right: Store your impact wrench in a cool, dry place. Avoid damp or extremely hot environments and use a protective case to keep it safe from damage.
  • Use Quality Parts: Invest in high-quality sockets and accessories. Cheap or incompatible parts can affect the performance and safety of your impact wrench.
  • Overheating, Loss of Power: If the wrench gets too hot, let it cool down. Loss of power might mean there's a problem with the tool or power source.

Maintenance

Regular Cleaning, Battery Care

  • Clean your wrench regularly. First spray it with car break cleaner which will get rid of oil and other stuff on the surface.
  • Check it's air-inlet screen filter and make sure it's clean.
  • For cordless models, keep the battery charged and store it properly. Knowing how to use cordless impact driver includes taking care of the battery.

Lubrication

Regularly add a few drops of oil to the moving parts of your impact wrench or through the direct air inlet. This keeps everything running smoothly and prevents wear and tear.

Just be sure to use the right type of oil as recommended by the manufacturer, normally Air Tool Oil is used by professionals.

Storage

Proper storage is necessary to keep up in good shape. To avoid rust and damage from moisture and extreme temperatures, make sure to keep your wrench in a cool and dry spot.

An impact wrench is an invaluable tool that can make many tasks simple. By selecting the right model, following safety guidelines and keeping it well-maintained, you’ll ensure top performance.

Getting the hang of using an impact wrench for various jobs—like loosening lug nuts or handling a cordless impact driver—will build your confidence and make completing any project a lot easier.

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