Will vinyl adhesive tile stick to this after dry?

As a general rule, vinyl tile/sheet flooring manufacturers only recommend the installation of their products directly to underlayment grade sub-flooring or to cement based floor patching compounds.

Absolutely and they stick very well. I used this product 2 years ago when I replaced my carpeting with vinyl self adhesive tiles. My old plywood subfloor had a large area about 2 ft x 3 ft that had to be replaced. After replacing that area it was lower than the rest of the floor. I found this product at Lowes and filled in as needed to level that area and some others. My living room is 20ft x 18ft. I also used this product in my hallway for the same reason. The self adhesive tiles that I used , also from Lowes, adhered wonderfully to this floor patch and leveler and have never came up even in the high traffic areas. I also used this product to repair a friends bathroom floor and lay a new self stick vinyl tile and no problems there either. Great product. I am getting ready to repair a kitchen floor and need some leveling this will be my choice of products once again.

I don't see why not. It dries hard and firm. It can have primer or paint put over it. I do not see it coming off.